Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular
composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by …

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol (4, 5) bisphosphate (PI (4, 5) P2) has become a major focus in
biochemistry, cell biology and physiology owing to its diverse functions at the plasma …

Phosphoinositides (PPIns) are lipid signaling molecules that act as master regulators of
cellular signaling. Recent studies have revealed novel roles of PPIns in myriad cellular …

Force generation by actin assembly shapes cellular membranes. An experimentally
constrained multiscale model shows that a minimal branched actin network is sufficient to …

Tubular epithelial cells (TECs) play critical roles in the development of diabetic nephropathy
(DN), and can activate macrophages through the secretion of exosomes. However, the …

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis enables selective uptake of molecules into cells in response
to changing cellular needs. It occurs through assembly of coat components around the …

Successful sample preparation is the foundation to any structural biology technique.
Membrane proteins are of particular interest as these are important targets for drug design …

Critical assessment of structure prediction (CASP) conducts community experiments to
determine the state of the art in computing protein structure from amino acid sequence. The …

Membranes are essential for cells and organelles to function. As membranes are
impermeable to most polar and charged molecules, they provide electrochemical energy to …

Clathrin forms a triskelion, or three-legged, network that regulates cellular processes by
facilitating cargo internalization and trafficking in eukaryotes. Its N-terminal domain is crucial …