Polarons are quasiparticles that easily form in polarizable materials due to the coupling of
excess electrons or holes with ionic vibrations. These quasiparticles manifest themselves in …

Photocatalysis has been widely applied in various areas, such as solar cells, water splitting,
and pollutant degradation. Therefore, the photochemical mechanisms and basic principles …

Anodic organic upgrading offers a promising strategy to produce value-added chemicals
and to facilitate coupled hydrogen production but it is still challenging in terms of long-term …

Metal oxides are widely employed in heterogeneous catalysis, but it remains challenging to
determine their exact structure and understand the reaction mechanisms at the molecular …

Photocatalysis is a process of clean technology where solar energy is converted into useful
chemical reactions. There are confronted challenges and limitations when claiming the most …

The catalytic activity of metals supported on oxides depends on their charge and oxidation
state. Yet, the determination of the degree of charge transfer at the interface remains elusive …

Defects can greatly influence the properties of oxide materials; however, facile defect
engineering of oxides at room temperature remains challenging. The generation of defects …

Environmental pollution and destruction as well as the lack of sufficient clean and natural
energy resources are some of the most serious problems presently faced on a global scale …

The generation of hydrogen and oxygen from the photocatalytic water splitting reaction
under visible light is a promisingly renewable and clean source for H 2 fuel. The transition …

A number of important reactions such as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are catalyzed
by transition metal oxides (TMOs), the surface reactivity of which is rather elusive. Therefore …