Lithium has been used for over half a century for the treatment of bipolar disorder as the
archetypal mood stabilizer, and has a wealth of empirical evidence supporting its efficacy in …

Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy is an individual psychotherapy designed specifically
for the treatment for bipolar disorder. Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy grew from a …

Since 1975, Robert Julien's A Primer of Drug Action has been the definitive guide to the
effects of psychoactive drugs on the brain and on behavior. Now fully updated, this popular …

Glutamate and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) systems are emerging as targets for
development of medications for mood disorders. There is increasing preclinical and clinical …

Background The disease mechanism of bipolar disorder remains unknown. Recent studies
have provided evidence for abnormal gene expression in bipolar disorder. Objective To …

Introduction: Despite more that 60 years of clinical experience, the effective use of lithium for
the treatment of mood disorder, in particular bipolarity, is in danger of becoming obsolete. In …

Recent neuroimaging studies have demonstrated regional central nervous system volume
reductions in mood disorders, findings that are complemented by postmortem observations …

Although mood disorders have traditionally been conceptualized as “neurochemical
disorders,” considerable literature from a variety of sources demonstrates significant …

Clinical studies over the past decades have attempted to uncover the biological factors
mediating the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) utilizing a variety of biochemical and …

Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have resulted in the identification of two
novel, hitherto completely unexpected targets of lithium's actions, discoveries that may have …