The insecure supply of fossil fuel coerces the scientific society to keep a vision to boost
investments in the renewable energy sector. Among the many renewable fuels currently …

The use of ultrasound in biodiesel transesterification has been advocated as a novel
technology, which enhances mass transfer characteristics leading to reduced reaction times …

The optimization of two parameters—espresso coffee oil extraction time and the ratio of
dried spent coffee grounds (DSCG)-to-solvent—were conducted on DSCG employing four …

In order to improve the efficiency of biodiesel production from esterification of free fatty acids,
an alternative to sulfuric acid has been explored. In this study, esterification of oleic acid was …

In the present work, the application of wire coil to promote mixing in a microreactor during
continuous production of biodiesel was studied. For this aim, soybean oil as a feedstock and …

Population growth with increased demand for fossil fuels and also significant increases in air
pollution has confirmed necessity of using alternative fuels such as biodiesel. In this paper …

In this study, biodiesel production using ultrasound and infrared techniques is introduced.
The ultrasound and infrared techniques are more efficient for biodiesel production since they …

Upgrading of crude glycerol to high value-added chemical products is an attractive process
in biomass conversion and biorefinery industry. In this work, production of triacetin (TAG) …

Free fatty acid (FFA) content in FFA-rich mixed crude palm oil (MCPO) was reduced through
a continuous esterification process. The reaction conditions were optimized, the yield …

Three-step continuous process for producing biodiesel from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD)
was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). PFAD has high content of free fatty …