Combustion is a reactive oxidation process that releases energy bound in chemical
compounds used as fuels─ energy that is needed for power generation, transportation …

The impact of ship emission reductions can be maximised by considering climate, health
and environmental effects simultaneously and using solutions fitting into existing marine …

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments are the trusted source of
scientific evidence for climate negotiations taking place under the United Nations …

The main objective of these updated global guidelines is to offer health-based air quality
guideline levels, expressed as long-term or short-term concentrations for six key air …

Short‑lived climate forcers (SLCFs) affect climate and are, in most cases, also air pollutants.
They include aerosols (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, carbonaceous aerosols, mineral dust …

Black carbon (BC) is produced by incomplete combustion of biomass by wildfires and
burning of fossil fuels. BC is environmentally persistent over centuries to millennia …

In recent years, marine, freshwater and terrestrial pollution with microplastics has been
discussed extensively, whereas atmospheric microplastic transport has been largely …

Executive summary Land and climate interact in complex ways through changes in forcing
and multiple biophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks across different spatial and …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

The route by which gas-phase molecules in hydrocarbon flames form condensed-phase
carbonaceous nanoparticles (incipient soot) is reviewed. These products of incomplete …