We explore the phylogeny of the polygrammoid ferns using nucleotide sequences derived
from three plastid loci for each of 98 selected species. Our analyses recovered four major …

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The central problem in biogeography is that interactions between different processes result
in the formation of historical patterns, such that it is difficult to discriminate the relative roles …

Phylogenetic computer programs work by examining sequences of tree topologies,
searching for those trees which yield minimal length. Rather than optimizing each tree from …

Most people correctly associate lush fern growth with humid and shady forests (Plates 1C,
2B). Indeed, the highest diversity of ferns is found in tropical rain forests, where some 65% of …

We conducted phylogenetic analyses of the fern family Grammitidaceae using sequences
from two cpDNA genes and from morphological characters. Data were obtained for 73 …

A corrected listing of the nomenclature of the ferns of India and Nepal is presented in
alphabetical order. Details of the nature of the mistakes made and how they came about are …

Background and Aims Patterns of morphological evolution at levels above family rank
remain underexplored in the ferns. The present study seeks to address this gap through …

Historically, research into the mechanism of photosynthesis has proceeded discontinuously:
following the elucidation of the Calvin cycle, the C 3 basis of photosynthesis seemed to have …

Aim This paper reports the diversity and endemism patterns of African ferns, and explores
the potential role of diversity refuges and environmental and historical factors in the shaping …