Introduction: Topical drug delivery is a challenging area with many advantages such as
avoidance of first passage effect, stabilization of blood concentrations and attainment of …

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are designed to deliver drugs through the skin
and into the systemic circulation. They offer several advantages over traditional oral or …

Transdermal drug delivery offers an attractive alternative to the conventional drug-delivery
methods of oral administration and injection. Apart from the convenience and …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are highly prevalent, complex, chronic inflammatory
skin diseases that immensly affect the patient's quality of life. While there is no definitive cure …

Exploring novel applications for approved excipients with a history of safe use in
therapeutics is a smart strategy to obtain improved pharmaceutical products. The present …

The nanomedicine which is the application of technologies on the scale of 1 to 500 nm to
diagnose and treat diseases, it has become a very relevant topic nowadays. During the last …

Microneedles are microscale needle-shaped devices that have attracted attention from the
biomedical engineering community for transdermal drug delivery, sensing, and vaccine …

There has been an increasing interest in applying biotechnology in formulating and
characterising new and innovative drug delivery methods, eg, drug-loaded biodegradable …

The nail provides a functional protection to the fingertips and surrounding tissue from
external injuries. The nail plate consists of three layers including dorsal, intermediate, and …

The application of preparations to the skin for medical purposes is as old as the history of
medicine itself, with references to the use of ointments and salves found in the records of …