The few reported controlled studies show that bilateral stimulation of the globus pallidus
interna (GPi) is a safe and effective long-term treatment for hyperkinetic disorders. However …

Many rating scales have been applied to the evaluation of dystonia, but only few have been
assessed for clinimetric properties. The Movement Disorders Society commissioned this task …

The pathophysiology of dystonic tremor and essential tremor remains partially understood.
In patients with medication-refractory dystonic tremor or essential tremor, deep brain …

Objectives: The globus pallidus internus (GPi) has been the primary target for deep brain
stimulation (DBS) to treat severe medication-refractory dystonia. Some patients with primary …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is highly effective for both hypo-and hyperkinetic movement
disorders of basal ganglia origin. The clinical use of DBS is, in part, empiric, based on the …

There is substantial variability in the responsiveness of dystonia patients to deep brain
stimulation (DBS), presumably due to the multiple causes of dystonia. This article presents …

Pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment option for medically
refractive dystonia. The mechanism by which globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) DBS …

Objective: To report long-term safety and efficacy outcomes of a large cohort of patients with
medically refractory isolated dystonia treated with subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an implanted electrical device that modulates specific
targets in the brain resulting in symptomatic improvement in a particular neurologic disease …

Object The authors' aim was to compare the subthalamic nucleus (STN) with the globus
pallidus internus (GPi) as a stimulation target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) for medically …