There are 10 valid species of Cryptosporidium and perhaps other cryptic species hidden
under the umbrella of Cryptosporidium parvum. The oocyst stage is of primary importance …

Fecal pollution of recreational waters can cause scenic blight and pose a threat to public
health, resulting in beach advisories and closures. Fecal indicator bacteria (total and fecal …

Of 155 species of mammals reported to be infected with Cryptosporidium parvum or C.
parvum-like organisms most animals are found in the Orders Artiodactyla, Primates, and …

Outbreaks of shellfish-associated infection have been reported for more than a century.
Since the early 1970s, the global consumption of shellfish has increased considerably—and …

Fecal microorganisms can enter water bodies in diverse ways, including runoff, sewage
discharge, and direct fecal deposition. Once in water, the microorganisms experience …

Toxoplasma gondii affects a wide variety of hosts including threatened southern sea otters
(Enhydra lutris nereis) which serve as sentinels for the detection of the parasite's …

Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis are obligate enteric protozoan
parasites which infect the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. The mechanism (s) …

Attention to worldwide pollution of the coastal marine environment has focused primarily on
toxic algal blooms and pathogenic bacteria that multiply in nutrient-rich waters. However …

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in environmental samples is a great challenge for
researchers as this coccidian parasite can be responsible for severe infections in humans …

Recent molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium parasites make it possible to
differentiate the human-pathogenic Cryptosporidium parasites from those that do not infect …