The fungal macrocyclic lactone brefeldin A (BFA) has proved to be of great value as an
inhibitor of protein trafficking in the endomembrane system of mammalian cells (Sciaky et al …

Secretion is the cellular process present in every organism that delivers soluble proteins and
cargoes to the extracellular space. In eukaryotes, conventional protein secretion (CPS) is the …

One of the mechanisms by which signalling molecules regulate cellular behaviour is
modulating subcellular protein translocation. This mode of regulation is often based on …

Thermosensitive genic male-sterile (TGMS) lines, which are male-sterile at restrictive (high)
temperatures but male-fertile at permissive (low) temperatures, have been widely used in …

Vesicle trafficking is essential for the generation of asymmetries, which are central to
multicellular development. Core components of the vesicle transport machinery, such as …

To better understand the mechanisms governing cellular traffic, storage of various
metabolites, and their ultimate degradation, Arabidopsis thaliana vacuole proteomes were …

The plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) plays an important role in the
regulation of ion and metabolite transport and is involved in physiological processes that …

Brefeldin A (BFA) causes a block in the secretory system of eukaryotic cells by inhibiting
vesicle formation at the Golgi apparatus. Although this toxin has been used in many studies …

The directional flow of the plant hormone auxin mediates multiple developmental processes,
including patterning and tropisms. Apical and basal plasma membrane localization of …

The mechanisms that control protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and
the Golgi apparatus are poorly characterized in plants. Here, we examine in tobacco leaves …