Hydrothermal technologies are broadly defined as chemical and physical transformations in
high-temperature (200–600° C), high-pressure (5–40 MPa) liquid or supercritical water. This …

There have been five foremost empirical efforts regarding energy return on investment
(EROI) analysis over the past few years, including the topics of:(1) whether corn ethanol is a …

Negative emissions technologies (NETs) in general and bioenergy with CO2 capture and
storage (BECCS) in particular are commonly regarded as vital yet controversial to meeting …

Negative environmental consequences of fossil fuels and concerns about petroleum
supplies have spurred the search for renewable transportation biofuels. To be a viable …

To study the potential effects of increased biofuel use, we evaluated six representative
analyses of fuel ethanol. Studies that reported negative net energy incorrectly ignored …

Energy outputs from ethanol produced using corn, switchgrass, and wood biomass were
each less than the respective fossil energy inputs. The same was true for producing …

A comprehensive, systematic, analytically unified, and interdisciplinary treatment of energy
in nature and society, from solar radiation and photosynthesis to our fossil fuelled civilization …

Environmental issues, the growing demand for energy, political concerns and the medium-
term depletion of petroleum has created the need for development of sustainable …

Ethanol has been utilized as a fuel source in the United States since the turn of the century.
However, it has repeatedly faced significant commercial viability obstacles relative to …

While strides are being made in the research and development of environmentally
acceptable and more sustainable alternative fuels—including efforts to reduce emissions of …