Genomic DNA is folded into loops and topologically associating domains (TADs), which
serve important structural and regulatory roles. It has been proposed that these genomic …

Non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) is the predominant repair mechanism of any type
of DNA double-strand break (DSB) during most of the cell cycle and is essential for the …

Cohesin extrusion is thought to play a central role in establishing the architecture of
mammalian genomes. However, extrusion has not been visualized in vivo, and thus, its …

How eukaryotic chromosomes fold inside the nucleus is an age-old question that remains
unanswered today. Early biochemical and microscopic studies revealed the existence of …

Proper expression of genes requires communication with their regulatory elements that can
be located elsewhere along the chromosome. The physics of chromatin fibers imposes a …

Folding of mammalian genomes into spatial domains is critical for gene regulation. The
insulator protein CTCF and cohesin control domain location by folding domains into loop …

Cohesin mediates chromatin loop formation across the genome by extruding chromatin
between convergently oriented CTCF-binding elements. Recent studies indicate that …

Understanding how transcriptional enhancers control over 20,000 protein-coding genes to
maintain cell-type-specific gene expression programs in all human cells is a fundamental …

Genome function, replication, integrity, and propagation rely on the dynamic structural
organization of chromosomes during the cell cycle. Genome folding in interphase provides …

Cancer drug resistance is an enormous problem. It is responsible for most relapses in
cancer patients following apparent remission after successful therapy. Understanding …