A harmonized balance between positive and negative regulation of pattern recognition
receptor (PRR)-initiated immune responses is required to achieve the most favorable …

The efficacy of checkpoint immunotherapy to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) largely
depends on the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we demonstrate that CCL7 facilitates …

The activity and stability of the adapter protein MAVS (also known as VISA, Cardif and IPS-
1), which critically mediates cellular antiviral responses, are extensively regulated by …

Immune evasion and inhibition of apoptosis are required for successful virus infection.
However, inhibition of apoptosis can increase antiviral immune responses, which can then …

Abstract Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an essential sensor of cytosolic DNA and
critically mediates innate immune responses and autoimmunity. Modulating the activity and …

RNA interference (RNAi) is the major antiviral mechanism in plants and invertebrates, but
the absence of detectable viral (v) siRNAs in mammalian cells upon viral infection has …

USP22 is a cytoplasmic and nuclear deubiquitinating enzyme, and the functions of
cytoplasmic USP22 are unclear. Here, we discovered that cytoplasmic USP22 promoted …

The pandemic of COVID-19 by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global disaster. However, we
still don't know how specific SARS-CoV-2-encoded proteins contribute to viral pathogenicity …

Echovirus 11 (ECHO 11) is a positive-strand RNA virus belonging to the genus Enterovirus
of the family Picornaviridae. ECHO 11 infections can cause severe inflammatory illnesses in …

Radiotherapy (RT) is applied to eradicate tumors in the clinic. However, hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) exhibits resistance against RT. It is demonstrated that RT directly inhibits …