Melanoma represents the most aggressive and the deadliest form of skin cancer. Current
therapeutic approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy …

CD28 and CTLA-4 are members of a family of immunoglobulin-related receptors that are
responsible for various aspects of T-cell immune regulation. The family includes CD28 …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), by reinvigorating CD8+ T cell mediated immunity, have
revolutionized cancer therapy. Yet, the systemic CD8+ T cell distribution, a potential …

Purpose: CTLA-4 was the first inhibitory immune checkpoint to be identified. Two mAbs,
ipilimumab (IgG1) and tremelimumab (IgG2), which block the function of CTLA-4, have …

Recent years have seen significant efforts in understanding and modulating the immune
response in cancer. In this context, immunosuppressive cells, including regulatory T cells …

Immunotherapy has now been clinically validated as an effective treatment for many
cancers. There is tremendous potential for synergistic combinations of immunotherapy …

Antitumor activity of CTLA-4 antibody blockade is thought to be mediated by interfering with
the negative regulation of T-effector cell (Teff) function resulting from CTLA-4 engagement …

The cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4)–blocking antibody ipilimumab results in
durable responses in metastatic melanoma, though therapeutic benefit has been limited to a …

Background Ipilimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-
lymphocyte antigen-4, has demonstrated an improvement in overall survival in two phase III …

Purpose: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of cytotoxic T–lymphocyte-associated
protein 4 (CTLA4) blockade with tremelimumab in peripheral blood mononuclear cells …