Large, elastic arteries are composed of cells and a specialized extracellular matrix that
provides reversible elasticity and strength. Elastin is the matrix protein responsible for this …

An important factor in the transition from an open to a closed circulatory system was a
change in vessel wall structure and composition that enabled the large arteries to store and …

The regulation of bone remodeling by an adipocyte-derived hormone implies that bone may
exert a feedback control of energy homeostasis. To test this hypothesis we looked for genes …

Currently, we are experiencing an epidemic of cardiorenal disease characterized by
increasing rates of obesity, hypertension, the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and …

Aortic aneurysm is common, accounting for 1–2% of all deaths in industrialized countries.
Early theories of the causes of human aneurysm mostly focused on inherited or acquired …

The intracellular mechanism of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signalling via kinase
receptors and SMAD effectors is firmly established, but recent studies of human …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily signaling pathways are ubiquitous and
essential regulators of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration …

The growth factor TGF-β is secreted in a latent complex consisting of three proteins: TGF-β,
an inhibitor (latency-associated protein, LAP, which is derived from the TGF-β propeptide) …

Essential hypertension has devastating effects on the brain, being the major cause of stroke
and a leading cause of dementia. Hypertension alters the structure of cerebral blood vessels …

The recent global COVID-19 public health emergency is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections
and can manifest extremely variable clinical symptoms. Host human genetic variability could …