The G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-kinase-interacting proteins 1 and 2 (GIT1 and GIT2)
are ubiquitous multidomain proteins involved in diverse cellular processes. They traffic …

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) leads to progressive
immunodeficiency and onset of opportunistic infections and neoplasms. The loss of immune …

A highly conserved signaling property of Nef proteins encoded by human or simian
immunodeficiency virus is the binding and activation of a PAK kinase whose function is …

HIV integrates into the host genome to create a persistent viral reservoir. Stimulation of
CD4+ memory T lymphocytes with common γc-chain cytokines renders these cells more …

Background HIV-1 Nef protein contributes to pathogenesis via multiple functions that include
enhancement of viral replication and infectivity, alteration of intracellular trafficking, and …

The nef gene products encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and
simian immunodeficiency virus type 1 (SIV-1) increase viral loads in infected hosts and …

The host cell cytoskeleton plays a key role in the life cycle of viral pathogens whose
propagation depends on mandatory intracellular steps. Accordingly, also the human …

The negative factor (Nef) is one of six accessory proteins from primate lentiviruses (HIV-1,
HIV-2, and SIV). It leads to high levels of viremia and the progression to AIDS in monkeys …

Primate lentiviruses encode a small protein designated Nef that has been shown to be a
major determinant of virus pathogenicity. Nef regulates multiple host factors in order to …

Nef proteins from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian
immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have been found to associate with an active cellular …