Over the past 20 years we have demonstrated both in animal models and in human studies
that stress increases neuroendocrine hormones, particularly glucocorticoids and …

Celiac disease (CD) is frequently accompanied by a variety of extradigestive manifestations,
thus making it a systemic disease rather than a disease limited to the gastrointestinal tract …

Nowadays, more than 80 autoimmune disorders are recognized, in which an aberrant
immune response against different organs and tissues plays a crucial role. Hormonal …

The autoimmune diseases are more common in females. The sex hormones have an
important role in this gender bias, mainly estrogen and prolactin (PRL) which modulate the …

Purpose This publication reviews the accepted knowledges and the findings still discussed
on several features of autoimmune hypophysitis, including the most recently described …

Context: The health burden of antipsychotic medication is well known, but the
disproportionate effect on women as compared with men is underappreciated. Objective …

An increasing body of evidence suggests that immune-mediated processes affect female
reproductive success at multiple levels. Crosstalk between endocrine and immune systems …

Cytokine imbalances especially between T helper type (Th) 1 and Th2 and tryptophan
breakdown were reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The …

The polypeptide hormone prolactin (PRL) is best known as the pituitary modulator of
lactation and reproduction. However, based on the almost ubiquitous distribution of PRL …

The relationship between prolactin and the immune system has been demonstrated in the
last two decades, opening new windows in the field of the immunoendocrinology. Prolactin …