The excessive consumption of fossil fuels causes massive emission of CO2, leading to
climate deterioration and environmental pollution. The development of substitutes and …

Antibiotic resistance is spreading rapidly around the world and seriously impeding efforts to
control microbial infections. Although nucleic acid testing is widely deployed for the …

The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance (AR) and its increasing global trends and
destructive waves concerns patients and the healthcare system. In order to combat AR, it is …

Bacterial biofilms are formed by communities, which are encased in a matrix of extracellular
polymeric substances (EPS). Notably, bacteria in biofilms display a set of 'emergent …

CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐
associated protein9) may be viewed as an adaptive bacterial immune system. When a virus …

Chemicals are widely used and released into the environment, and their degradation,
accumulation, migration, and transformation processes in the environment can pose a threat …

Purpose The plasmid-borne mobilized colistin resistance gene (mcr-1) was discovered in
2015. Subsequently, the rapid horizontal transfer of mcr-1 gene to diverse bacterial species …

Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria, particularly those from the genus Shewanella, are of
importance for bioremediation of metal contaminated sites and sustainable energy …

Gene knockout is a widely used method in biology for investigating gene function. Several
technologies are available for gene knockout, including zinc-finger nuclease technology …

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mgal) is a common pathogen of poultry worldwide that has
recently spread to North American house finches after a single host shift in 1994. The …