Phosphorylation of proteins is a ubiquitous mechanism of regulating their function,
localization, or activity. Protein kinases, enzymes that use ATP to phosphorylate protein …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the key organelle for membrane biogenesis. Most lipids
are synthesized in the ER, and most membrane proteins are first inserted into the ER …

Effector mechanisms of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) are well-characterised, but how ER proteostasis is sensed is less well understood …

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum
(ER)-located protein with cytoprotective effects in neurons and pancreatic β cells in vitro and …

The double-stranded RNA sensor kinase PKR is one of four integrated stress response
(ISR) sensor kinases that phosphorylate the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) …

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a mechanism aiming at restoring endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) homeostasis and is likely involved in other adaptive pathways. The UPR is …

Modern pharmacotherapy of neurodegenerative diseases is predominantly symptomatic
and does not allow vicious circles causing disease development to break. Protein misfolding …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is central to the processing of luminal, transmembrane, and
secretory proteins, and maintaining a functional ER is essential for organismal physiology …

All cell types must maintain homeostasis under periods of stress. To prevent the catastrophic
effects of stress, all cell types also respond to stress by inducing protective pathways. Within …

BCL-2 family members are known to be implicated in survival in numerous biological
settings. Here, we provide evidence that in injury and repair processes in lungs, BCL-2 …