Abstract A three-dimensional (3D) parallel process model simulating ironmaking blast
furnaces (BFs) has been developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It explicitly …

This article summarizes the results of the “Blind test 5” workshop, which was held in Visby,
Sweden, in May 2017. This study compares the numerical predictions of the wake flow …

Particle size reduction inevitably occurs inside ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs) but is not
studied under BF conditions due to the lack of an effective tool. This paper simulates this …

Hydrogen injection is a promising technology currently under development to reduce CO2
emissions in ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs). Therefore, hydrogen BF is studied by a recent …

A general purpose incompressible flow solver, called caffa3d. MBRi, is presented which
features a block structured framework to accommodate both a flexible approach to geometry …

Wind energy has become a mature technology in the past decade. Nevertheless, in order to
continue its growth and development, there are still open challenges like wind farm control …

The circumferential uniformity of burden distribution is of critical importance in maintaining
the stable and efficient operation of blast furnaces (BFs). It significantly affects the …

Non-uniform blast injection often occurs in blast furnace (BFs) ironmaking process, but the
consequences in the inner state remain unclear under industrial operating conditions. This …

Wind energy has become cost competitive in recent years for several reasons. Among them,
wind turbines have become more efficient, increasing its size, both rotor diameter and tower …

The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the Actuator Line Model (ALM) in spatial
resolutions coarser than what is generally recommended, also using larger time steps. To …