How does backlash from consolidated democracies affect the behavior of liberal
international institutions? We argue that liberal international institutions have incentives to …

Legislative changes can be crucial for implementing human rights. This article investigates
how the need for legislative changes influences compliance with European Court of Human …

It is the state to whom the supranational body directs its decision on a human rights violation,
and it is the state who is found in violation and must provide the appropriate remedies. The …

As part of their continuous effort to enhance the effectiveness and democratic legitimacy of
human rights treaties, human rights treaty organs have increasingly fostered a direct …

This chapter begins from the premise that compliance with judicial decisions is both an
outcome as well as a process. It contends that theoretical and empirical models of …

Courts are increasingly important for domestic and international politics. Yet, judicial power
is limited by courts' reliance on other actors to implement their rulings. This dissertation …

The toolkit looks at the mandates and competencies of parliamentary human rights bodies,
the factors that contribute to their effective functioning and how they can operationalize their …

International law instruments are increasingly used as tools to tackle global challenges, but
they often require implementation at the national and sub-national levels. While the …

States have an obligation to 'respect and ensure respect for'international humanitarian law
(IHL)'in all circumstances'(GCI-IV, API and APIII, Art. 1). While certain aspects of the meaning …