Abstract Background The phylogeny of Cnidaria has been a source of debate for decades,
during which nearly all-possible relationships among the major lineages have been …

The systematics of the class Anthozoa has been built-up by a number of authors with
different approaches. However, despite all efforts the evolutionary position of the tube …

The origin of the germline–soma distinction is a fundamental unsolved question. Plants and
basal metazoans do not have a germline but generate gametes from pluripotent stem cells …

The low evolutionary rate of mitochondrial genes in Anthozoa has challenged their utility for
phylogenetic and systematic purposes, especially for DNA barcoding. However, the …

We provide the first inventory of members of orders Actiniaria (sea anemones sensu stricto)
and Ceriantharia (tube anemones) from the Galápagos Islands. Based on observations and …

The life cycles of many marine taxa are still unknown, especially those species with indirect
development and long-lived larval stages. Life cycles of cnidarians are relatively well known …

From the late 1890s to the mid-1900s, descriptions of Ceriantharia species based solely on
analyses of the larval forms were a common practice. Such approaches resulted in …

A colorful variety of fluorescent proteins (FPs) from marine invertebrates are utilized as
genetically encoded markers for live cell imaging. The increased demand for advanced …

The diversity of Ceriantharia is known from studies formally describing species from the late
18 th Century onwards. However, no nomenclators including a list and discussion of all valid …

Larvae of the western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus) that occur in the south-east Indian
Ocean offshore of Western Australia have been found to be in poorer nutritional condition in …