The Hox gene cluster has a crucial function in body patterning during animal development.
How and when this gene cluster originated is being clarified by recent data from Cnidaria, a …

New perspectives on the origin of neurogenesis emerged with the identification of genes
encoding post-synaptic proteins as well as many “neurogenic” regulators as the NK, Six …

The world's most revered and eloquent interpreter of evolutionary ideas offers here a work of
explanatory force unprecedented in our time—a landmark publication, both for its historical …

Division of labor among functionally specialized modules occurs at all levels of biological
organization in both animals and plants. Well-known examples include the evolution of …

Les données empiriques et expérimentales montrent que la reproduction des cnidaires est
plus variable qu'on ne l'avait cru précédemment et plusieurs déductions au sujet des …

The conservation of developmental functions exerted by Antp-class homeoproteins in
protostomes and deuterostomes suggested that homologs with related functions are present …

Modularity is a fundamental concept in biology. Most taxa within the colonial invertebrate
phylum Bryozoa have achieved division of labour through the development of specialized …

Hox and ParaHox genes are implicated in axial patterning of cnidarians and bilaterians, and
are thought to have originated by tandem duplication of a single “ProtoHox” gene followed …

Background Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus, a colonial cnidarian, is a tractable model
system for many cnidarian-specific and general biological questions. Until recently, tests of …

The Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis, is one of the most conspicuous, but poorly
understood members of the pleuston, a community of organisms that occupy a habitat at the …