Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

J Németh, B Tapasztó, WA Aclimandos… - European Journal …, 2021 - journals.sagepub.com
The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with
myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 …

IMI–Report on experimental models of emmetropization and myopia

D Troilo, EL Smith, DL Nickla, R Ashby… - … & visual science, 2019 - iovs.arvojournals.org
The results of many studies in a variety of species have significantly advanced our
understanding of the role of visual experience and the mechanisms of postnatal eye growth …

How does spending time outdoors protect against myopia? A review

G Lingham, DA Mackey, R Lucas… - British Journal of …, 2020 - bjo.bmj.com
Myopia is an increasingly common condition that is associated with significant costs to
individuals and society. Moreover, myopia is associated with increased risk of glaucoma …

A review of environmental risk factors for myopia during early life, childhood and adolescence

D Ramamurthy, SY Lin Chua… - Clinical and Experimental …, 2015 - Taylor & Francis
Myopia is a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly in East Asian countries.
The increasing prevalence of myopia poses a huge socio‐economic burden and …

[HTML][HTML] Protective effects of high ambient lighting on the development of form-deprivation myopia in rhesus monkeys

EL Smith, LF Hung, J Huang - Investigative ophthalmology & …, 2012 - jov.arvojournals.org
Purpose.: Time spent outdoors reduces the likelihood that children will develop myopia,
possibly because light levels are much higher outdoors than indoors. To test this hypothesis …

[HTML][HTML] Peripheral vision can influence eye growth and refractive development in infant monkeys

EL Smith, C Kee, R Ramamirtham… - … & visual science, 2005 - arvojournals.org
purpose. Given the prominence of central vision in humans, it has been assumed that visual
signals from the fovea dominate emmetropization. The purpose of this study was to examine …

Animal models in myopia research

F Schaeffel, M Feldkaemper - Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2015 - Taylor & Francis
Our current understanding of the development of refractive errors, in particular myopia,
would be substantially limited had Wiesel and Raviola not discovered by accident that …

Candidate pathways for retina to scleral signaling in refractive eye growth

DM Brown, R Mazade, D Clarkson-Townsend… - Experimental eye …, 2022 - Elsevier
The global prevalence of myopia, or nearsightedness, has increased at an alarming rate
over the last few decades. An eye is myopic if incoming light focuses prior to reaching the …

Effects of foveal ablation on emmetropization and form-deprivation myopia

EL Smith, R Ramamirtham… - … & visual science, 2007 - iovs.arvojournals.org
purpose. Because of the prominence of central vision in primates, it has generally been
assumed that signals from the fovea dominate refractive development. To test this …

The relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia

BT Barrett, A Bradley, TR Candy - Progress in retinal and eye research, 2013 - Elsevier
This review aims to disentangle cause and effect in the relationship between anisometropia
and amblyopia. Specifically, we examine the literature for evidence to support different …