Integrins are considered the main cell-adhesion transmembrane receptors that play
multifaceted roles as extracellular matrix (ECM)-cytoskeletal linkers and transducers in …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous disorder with
multifaceted neuropathological features, including β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary …

Integrins are cell adhesion and signalling proteins crucial to a wide range of biological
functions. Effective marketed treatments have successfully targeted integrins αIIbβ3 …

Despite the established dogma of central nervous system (CNS) immune privilege,
neuroimmune interactions play an active role in diverse neurological disorders. However …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of
the central nervous system, and the leading cause of nontraumatic neurological disability in …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative
disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterized by immune …

Mammals have two specialized vascular circulatory systems: the blood vasculature and the
lymphatic vasculature. The lymphatic vasculature is a unidirectional conduit that returns …

The concept of immune privilege suggests that the central nervous system is isolated from
the immune system. However, recent studies have highlighted the borders of the central …

Abstract α-Synuclein, a key pathological component of Parkinson's disease, has been
implicated in the activation of the innate and adaptive immune system. This immune …

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that is caused by the interplay of genetic,
particularly the HLA-DR15 haplotype, and environmental risk factors. How these etiologic …