Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common finding on spine imaging that increases
in prevalence with age. IVD degeneration is a frequent cause of low back pain, which is a …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a chronic, expensive, and high-incidence
musculoskeletal disorder largely responsible for back/neck and radicular-related pain. It is …

Sexual dimorphisms are responsible for profound metabolic differences in health and
behavior. Whether males and females react differently to environmental cues, such as solar …

Ghrelin is a relatively novel multifaceted hormone that has been found to exert a plethora of
physiological effects. In this review, we found/confirmed that ghrelin has effect on all body …

Chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and dementia are increasing in the United
States (US) population. Knowledge of these chronic conditions, preventative measures, and …

Intestinal macrophages play a key role in the gut immune system and the regulation of
gastrointestinal physiology, including gut motility and secretion. Their ability to keep the gut …

Obesity is a pandemic disease affecting around 15% of the global population. Obesity is a
major risk factor for other conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases …

The gut microbiota may directly or indirectly influence secretion of the orexigenic hormone,
ghrelin, similar to the modulation of satiety inducing GI hormones. Although data …

Several factors including diet, exercise, and medications influence the makeup of the
resilient but adaptable gut microbiome. Bacteria in the gut have a significant role in the …

Feeding behavior is integrated within a wide variety of eating behaviors, which depend on
psychosocial, biological and environmental factors. These types of behavior can cause …