Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most predominant cause of dementia, has
evolved tremendously with an escalating frequency, mainly affecting the elderly population …

The use of the bacterial efflux pump mechanism to reduce the concentrations of antibiotics in
the intracellular to the extracellular region is one of the main mechanisms by which bacteria …

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection affects millions of population worldwide whose
incidence is increasing year by year and currently, no specific drugs are available for its …

Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, additional more potent vaccines are still
required against the emerging variations of the severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Background Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent approved for the management of
glioblastoma. The TMZ is not known for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) …

Many studies have shown that the lysosomal cathepsins, especially cathepsins B/L
(CTSB/L) are required for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. Lysosomal proteases …

The Yiqi Qubai (YQ) formula is a hospital preparation for treating vitiligo in China that has
had reliable efficacy for decades. The formula consists of four herbs; however, the extraction …

Malaria predominantly affects millions annually in the African and Asian tropical and
subtropical countries. With no effective vaccine, malaria prevention is exclusively dependent …

Through cell-to-cell communication, activation of efflux pumps, formation of biofilms, and
other mechanisms, pseudomonas aeruginosa's quorum sensing systems (QSS), notably the …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing an outbreak of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a major threat to public health worldwide. Previous …