The atmosphere of the Archean eon—one-third of Earth's history—is important for
understanding the evolution of our planet and Earth-like exoplanets. New geological proxies …

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for all life on Earth and it acts as a major control on
biological productivity in the modern ocean. Accurate reconstructions of the evolution of life …

Iron formations (IF) represent an iron-rich rock type that typifies many Archaean and
Proterozoic supracrustal successions and are chemical archives of Precambrian seawater …

Transient appearances of oxygen have been inferred before the Great Oxygenation Event
(GOE)[∼ 2.3 billion years (Ga) ago] based on redox-sensitive elements such as Mo and S …

Abstract The Archean era (4 to 2.5 billion years ago, Ga) yielded rocks that include the
oldest conclusive traces of life as well as many controversial occurrences. Carbonaceous …

“The Answer to the Great Question... Of Life, the Universe and Everything... Is... Forty-two,”
said Deep Thought, with infinite majesty and calm…“I checked it very thoroughly,” said the …

Oxygenic photosynthesis is Earth's dominant metabolism, having evolved to harvest the
largest expected energy source at the surface of most terrestrial habitable zone planets …

Late Archaean sedimentary rocks contain compelling geochemical evidence for episodic
accumulation of dissolved oxygen in the oceans along continental margins before the Great …

Earth's early atmosphere witnessed multiple transient episodes of oxygenation before the
Great Oxidation Event 2.4 billion years ago (Ga)[eg, AD Anbar et al., Science 317, 1903 …

The emergence of molecular oxygen (O2) in the Earth's primitive atmosphere is an issue of
major interest. Although the biological processes leading to its accumulation in the Earth's …