Urban heat islands (UHI) in a city tend to vary with changes in time and space. To effectively
cope with the accelerating intensity of UHI due to global warming and the resulting damage …

Urban systems, from their early origins, were acknowledged to be responsible for both
benefits and penalties due to anthropogenic actions affecting human wellbeing. In this view …

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the design of courtyards for the
microclimatic enhancement of outdoor spaces. However, there is still little knowledge …

Chinese government has committed to reduce its carbon intensity by 40–45% over the
period 2005–2020 at the 2009 Copenhagen Summit. To achieve the target in a cost …

The diesel engine offers superior fuel and thermal efficiencies, greater power output,
superior torque and better durability compared to the spark ignition engine. On the other …

Albedo is a non-dimensional parameter used to quantify the proportion of solar radiation
reflected by a surface. While a couple of methods are available for measuring the albedo of …

Radiative cooling has received much attention as it generates “free” cooling to buildings and
helps reduce energy consumption of mechanical air conditioning systems. However, most …

This paper newly established a radiative roof cooling performance model to conduct
thorough parametric studies on pivotal factors governing achievable equilibrium …

According to the increasing worldwide attention to energy and the environmental
performance of the building sector, building energy demand should be minimized by …

Assessment of mitigation strategies that combat global warming, urban heat islands (UHIs),
and urban energy demand can be crucial for urban planners and energy providers …