Tremor is the most commonly encountered movement disorder in clinical practice. A wide
range of pathologies may manifest with tremor either as a presenting or predominant …

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle
contractions causing abnormal postures, repetitive movements, or both. Research in …

Objective Deviated head posture is a defining characteristic of cervical dystonia (CD). Head
posture severity is typically quantified with clinical rating scales such as the Toronto Western …

Background Although head tremor (HT) and pain are prevalent in cervical dystonia (CD),
their joint relationship to phenotypic features of focal dystonia remains unclear. Objectives …

ABSTRACT Introduction: Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections represent the gold standard
treatment for cervical dystonia (CD). Different types of BoNT have been used for the …

Background Blepharospasm is treated with botulinum toxin, but obtaining satisfactory results
is sometimes challenging. Objective The aim is to conduct an exploratory trial of oral …

Background Head tremor (HT) is a common feature of cervical dystonia (CD), usually
quantified by subjective observation. Technological developments offer alternatives for …

Dystonia and tremor are distinct movement disorders, but they overlap in certain
circumstances. First, dystonia and tremor may co-exist in the same individual, in the same or …

Dystonia involves sustained or repetitive muscle contractions, affects different skeletal
muscles, and may be associated with tremor. Few studies have investigated if cortical …

Background: A defining characteristic of dystonia is its position-dependence. In cervical
dystonia (CD), sensory tricks ameliorate head tremor (HT). But it remains unknown whether …