The incorporation of entomopathogenic fungi as biocontrol agents into Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) programs without doubt, has been highly effective. The ability of these …

We consider how fungi that form symbiotic associations with plants interact with insect
herbivores attacking the same plants. Both endophytes and mycorrhizae have significant …

Endophyte-grass symbiosis is generally considered to be a classic example of microbe-
plant symbiosis in which the fitness of the microbial symbiont and its host plant is closely …

Model systems can facilitate and focus research efforts but ill-chosen or inapt ones can
distract or impede scientific progress. In this Opinion article, we pose the question: how can …

Endophytic fungi are common and diverse in plants. Yet the nature of their interactions with
host plants, and how these interactions cascade upward to communities and ecosystems, is …

The symbiosis between vertically transmitted asexual endophytic fungi and grasses is
common and generally considered to be mutualistic. Recent studies have accumulated …

The relationship between Epichloë endophytes found in a wide range of temperate grasses
spans the continuum from antagonistic to mutualistic. The diversity of asexual mutualistic …

Endophytic fungi, which live within host plant tissues without causing any visible symptom of
disease, are important mediators of plant-herbivore interactions. These endophytes …

Spodoptera littoralis has been recognized as the major destructive cause of various
economic crops in Egypt. Chemical insecticides have been frequently used, however, the …

A multibillion dollar industry that has tripled in the last ten years, turfgrass management
plays an important role in landscaping, golf courses, and other sports surfaces. Proper …