The ability of cells to transmit bioactive molecules to recipient cells and the extracellular
environment is a fundamental requirement for both normal physiology and disease …

Abstract Phospholipases D (PLD) and C (PLC) hydrolyze the phosphodiesteric linkages of
the head group of membrane phospholipids. PLDs and PLCs in plants occur in different …

The use of nanotechnology for drug delivery has shown great promise for improving cancer
treatment. However, potential toxicity, hazardous environmental effects, issues with large …

Aim: To develop novel siRNA delivery system overcoming the limitations of synthetic
nanoparticles, such as potential side effects, nonspecificity and economic production for …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of membrane-limited vesicles and
multi-signal messengers loaded with biomolecules. Exosomes and ectosomes are two …

Phosphatidic acid (PA) is the simplest cellular glycerophospholipid characterized by unique
biophysical properties: a small headgroup; negative charge; and a phosphomonoester …

Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a critical phospholipid constituent in eukaryotic cell membranes,
which accounts for 1À4% of the total lipid. 1 This lipophilic glycerophospholipid has a …

Phosphatidic acid (PA) is an essential phospholipid involved in membrane biosynthesis and
signal transduction in all eukaryotes. This review focuses on its role as lipid second …

Transport of membranes and proteins in eukaryotic cells is mediated by vesicular carriers.
Here we review the biogenesis and functions of COPI vesicles, carriers that operate in the …

Many cellular membrane-bound structures exhibit distinct curvature that is driven by the
physical properties of their lipid and protein constituents. Here we review how cells …