The collapse of economic activity in 2020 from COVID-19 has been immense. An important
question is how much of that collapse resulted from government-imposed restrictions versus …

The COVID-19 pandemic has given a chance for researchers and policymakers all over the
world to study the impact of lockdowns on air quality in each country. This review aims to …

This paper surveys the recent literature on the economic impacts of SARS, MERS, and
COVID‐19, which Asian countries have experienced in the past two decades. In particular …

The spread of COVID-19 infections has led to substantial changes in consumption patterns.
While demand for services that involve face-to-face contact has decreased sharply, online …

This paper combines data on GDP, unemployment, and Google's COVID-19 Community
Mobility Reports with data on deaths from COVID-19 to study the macroeconomic outcomes …

Japan's government has taken a number of measures, including declaring a state of
emergency, to combat the spread COVID-19. We examine the mechanisms through which …

We document households' spending responses to a stimulus payment in Japan during the
COVID-19 pandemic. In response to the pandemic, the Japanese government launched a …

COVID-19 is one of the worst global health crises in a century. Japan confirmed its first case
of COVID-19 in mid-January and declared a state of emergency in April and May 2020 …

Summary Background In Japan, vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was initiated on 17 February 2021, mainly using messenger …

We study the behavioral impact of announcements about the duration of a policy and their
relationship with people's expectations in the context of the COVID-19 lockdowns. We …