Unusual amino acids are fundamental building blocks of modern medicinal chemistry. The
combination of readily functionalized amine and carboxyl groups attached to a chiral central …

Although chemists can synthesize virtually any small organic molecule, our ability to
rationally manipulate the structures of proteins is quite limited, despite their involvement in …

Transdermal delivery of peptides and proteins avoids the disadvantages associated with the
invasive parenteral route of administration and other alternative routes such as the …

This reference/text covers fundamentals of peptide and protein drug delivery, including such
considerations as synthesis, physical chemistry and biochemistry, analysis, proteolytic and …

The shortcomings of native peptides as pharmaceuticals have been long known: short
duration of action, lack of receptor selectivity, lack of oral bioavailability. However medicinal …

GnRH analogues have achieved widespread clinical use for the control of reproduction in
animals. Over 2000 analogues of GnRH have been developed and tested over the last 30 …

The performance in vivo of nafarelin acetate, a potent analogue of luteinizing hormone‐
releasing hormone, microencapsulated in poly (d, l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide), was evaluated …

The utility of iontophoresis, the electrically assisted delivery of drugs across the skin, to
overcome some of the obstacles of peptide delivery has been widely reported in the …

A series of antagonists of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) of the general formula
Ac-d2Nal-d4Cpa-d3Pal-Ser-4Aph/4Amf (P)-d4Aph/d4Amf (Q)-Leu-ILys-Pro-dAla-NH2 was …

Pharmaceutical solids have generally been characterized as either three-dimensional
crystals or amorphous solids based on X-ray powder diffraction and modulated temperature …