The gastrointestinal tract has recently come to the forefront of multiple research fields. It is
now recognized as a major source of signals modulating food intake, insulin secretion and …

This review focuses on neuropeptides and peptide hormones, the largest and most diverse
class of neuroactive substances, known in Drosophila and other animals to play roles in …

Highlights•Drosophila AMPs contribute to host defense, notably against Gram-negative
bacteria.•Certain AMPs show exquisite specifity against certain pathogens.•Certain AMPs …

Commensal microbes colonize the gut epithelia of virtually all animals and provide several
benefits to their hosts. Changes in commensal populations can lead to dysbiosis, which is …

The cellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) represents an evolutionary ancient
antimicrobial defense system against microorganisms. The NADPH oxidases (NOX), which …

The intestinal epithelium serves as a dynamic barrier to the environment and integrates a
variety of signals, including those from metabolites, commensal microbiota, immune …

Most differentiated cells convert glucose to pyruvate in the cytosol through glycolysis,
followed by pyruvate oxidation in the mitochondria. These processes are linked by the …

Enteroendocrine cells (EEs) are interspersed between enterocytes and stem cells in the
Drosophila intestinal epithelium. Like enterocytes, EEs express components of the immune …

Enteroendocrine cells (EEs) in the intestinal epithelium have important endocrine functions,
yet this cell lineage exhibits great local and regional variations that have hampered detailed …

Microbe-derived acetate activates the Drosophila immunodeficiency (IMD) pathway in a
subset of enteroendocrine cells (EECs) of the anterior midgut. In these cells, the IMD …