G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family comprising> 800 signaling
receptors that regulate numerous cellular and physiologic responses. GPCRs have been …

Mechanical forces associated with blood flow play important roles in the acute control of
vascular tone, the regulation of arterial structure and remodeling, and the localization of …

The clathrin-coated pit lattice is held onto the plasma membrane by an integral membrane
protein that binds the clathrin AP-2 subunit with high affinity. In vitro studies have suggested …

DOPAMINE receptors belong to the family of G protein-coupled receptors. On the basis of
the homology between these receptors, three different dopamine receptors (D1, D2, D3) …

▪ Abstract G protein–coupled receptors (GPRs) play a key role in controlling hormonal
regulation of numerous second-messenger pathways. However, following agonist activation …

Of the many forms of GPCR1 regulation none has received as much attention as the process
of receptor desensitization, ie the waning responsiveness of the receptors in the face of …

Homologous or agonist-specific desensitization of beta 2-adrenergic receptors (beta 2AR) is
mediated by the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) which specifically …

Cellular responses to many hormones and neurotransmitters wane rapidly despite
continuous exposure of cells to these stimuli. This phenomenon, termed desensitization, has …

There are two basic mechanisms for the uptake of substances into the cell. Small molecules
such as amino acids, mono-saccharides, and most ions are transported directly across the …

Dopamine receptors are classified into D1 and D2 subtypes on the basis of their
pharmacological and biochemical characteristics1, 2. The D2 dopamine receptor has been …