This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative
management of pain in cancer surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there …

Morphine is considered the “gold standard” for relieving pain and is currently one of the most
effective drugs available clinically for the management of severe pain associated with …

Morphine is considered a highly potent analgesic agent used to relieve suffering of patients
with cancer. Several in vitro and in vivo studies showed that morphine also modulates …

Papaver somniferum L.(Family: Papaveraceae) is a species well known for its diverse
alkaloids (100 different benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs)). L-tyrosine serves as a …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate cellular responses to a diverse array of
extracellular messenger molecules. Recent studies have shown that GPCR-mediated …

Opioids classically regulate the excitability of neurons by suppressing synaptic GABA
release from inhibitory neurons. Here, we report a role for opioids in modulating excitatory …

Neurodegenerative diseases are a broad group of largely debilitating, and ultimately
terminal conditions resulting in progressive degeneration of different brain regions. The …

Peptides have revealed a large range of biological activities with high selectivity and
efficiency for the development of new drugs, including neuroprotective agents. Therefore …

Death receptors (DRs) and their ligands are expressed in developing nervous system.
However, neurons are generally resistant to death induction through DRs and rather their …