Abstract Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic sleep disorder resulting from the loss of a
small population of hypothalamic neurons that produce wake-promoting hypocretin (HCRT; …

Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with increased risk of comorbidities,
such as psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, malignancy, obesity, and cardiovascular …

Tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α) blockers are a popular therapeutic choice in a number of
inflammatory diseases. Thus far, five TNF-α blockers have been approved for clinical use …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central
nervous system characterized by relapses and remissions. The risk of acquiring this …

Previous studies have estimated a prevalence of a broad grouping of autoimmune diseases
of 3.2%, based on literature review of studies published between 1965 and 1995, and 5.3 …

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease, with a chronic relapsing-remitting
course, which affects 2–3% of the worldwide population. The progressive acquisitions of the …

Background: The incidence of acquired demyelination of the CNS (acquired demyelinating
syndromes [ADS]) in children is unknown. It is important that physicians recognize the …

Background A primary characteristic of complex genetic diseases is that affected individuals
tend to cluster in families (that is, familial aggregation). Aggregation of the same …

Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with aberrant immune
responses to specific β-cell autoantigens, resulting in insulin deficiency. Children and …

Data on familial recurrence rates of complex diseases such as multiple sclerosis give
important hints to aetiological factors such as the importance of genes and environment. By …