Indoor localization has recently and significantly attracted the interest of the research
community mainly due to the fact that Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) typically …

These recent years have witnessed the importance of indoor localization and tracking as
people are spending more time indoors, which facilitates determining the location of an …

Great attention has been paid to indoor localization due to its wide range of associated
applications and services. Fingerprinting and time-based localization techniques are among …

In previous studies, ranging errors in the line of sight (LOS) environment were often
overlooked, resulting in an increase in positioning errors. In non-line of sight (NLOS) …

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) can deliver very good position estimates under
optimum conditions. However, especially in urban and indoor scenarios with severe …

WiFi-based indoor positioning methods have attracted extensive attention due to the wide
installation of WiFi access points (APs). Recently, the WiFi standard was modified and …

The emerging WiFi Round Trip Time measured by the IEEE 802.11 mc standard promised
sub-meter-level accuracy for WiFi-based indoor positioning systems, under the assumption …

The fine timing measurement (FTM) protocol is designed to determine precise ranging
between Wi-Fi devices using round-trip time (RTT) measurements. However, the multipath …

The accuracy of smartphone-based positioning systems using WiFi usually suffers from
ranging errors caused by non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. Previous research usually …

Recently, round-trip time (RTT) measured by a fine-timing measurement protocol has
received great attention in the area of WiFi positioning. It provides an acceptable ranging …