Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), originally identified as osteoinductive components in
extracts derived from bone, are now known to play important roles in a wide array of …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of nephrology consultation and is associated
with high mortality rates. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, hypoxia or …

Abstract Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury paradoxically occurs during reperfusion following
ischemia, exacerbating the initial tissue damage. The limited understanding of the intricate …

Fibrosis is a pathological scarring process that leads to destruction of organ architecture and
impairment of organ function. Chronic loss of organ function in most organs, including bone …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated
proteins that regulate a wide range of developmental processes, including limb and kidney …

TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) and BMP-7 (bone morphogenetic protein-7), two key
members in the TGF-β superfamily, play important but diverse roles in CKDs (chronic kidney …

Despite a general recognition that treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has
become a large-scale undertaking, the size of the treated population and the associated …

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involving injured epithelial cells plays an
important role in the progression of fibrosis in the kidney. Tubular epithelial cells can acquire …

Inflammatory cells in ischemic acute renal failure. Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) is
increasingly recognized as involving a complex cascade of mechanisms with both acute and …

It is now clear that resident myofibroblasts play a central role in the mediation of tissue
fibrosis. The aim of the work outlined in this study is to increase our understanding of the …