Abstract The rise of Western Europe after 1500 is due largely to growth in countries with
access to the Atlantic Ocean and with substantial trade with the New World, Africa, and Asia …

From Spanish conquistadors to British colonialists, the prevailing story of European empire-
building has focused on the rival ambitions of competing states. But as Outsourcing Empire …

The English East India Company was one of the most powerful and enduring organizations
in history. Between Monopoly and Free Trade locates the source of that success in the …

Patrimonial states and their chartered East India companies propelled the first wave of
European colonialism in Asia during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The …

Here, Richard Lachmann offers a new answer to an old question: Why did capitalism
develop in some parts of early modern Europe but not in others? Finding neither a single …

Fluid Iron is the first extended treatment of state formation in Southeast Asia from early to
contemporary times and the first book-length analysis of Western historical and …

Drawing on a remarkable data set compiled from ships' logs, journals, factory
correspondence, ledgers, and reports that provide unusually precise information on each of …

How did representative institutions become the central organs of governance in Western
Europe? What enabled this distinctive form of political organization and collective action that …

In April 1793, France was waging war both inside and outside its borders. Over the previous
year, the French government had taken up arms against Austria, Sardinia, Prussia, Great …

During the eighteenth-century Enlightenment, Scotland and England produced such well-
known figures as David Hume, Adam Smith, and John Locke. Ireland's contribution to this …