BI Goldstein, B Birmaher, GA Carlson… - Bipolar …, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
Objectives Over the past two decades, there has been tremendous growth in research regarding bipolar disorder (BD) among children and adolescents (ie, pediatric BD [PBD]) …
BACKGROUND: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing cytokine concentrations between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy control subjects …
Illness staging is widely utilized in several medical disciplines to help predict course or prognosis, and optimize treatment. Staging models in psychiatry in general, and bipolar …
M Maes, M Rachayon, K Jirakran, P Sodsai… - Cells, 2022 - mdpi.com
Major depressive disorder and a major depressive episode (MDD/MDE) are characterized by activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory …
K Munkholm, M Vinberg, LV Kessing - Journal of affective disorders, 2013 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Current research and hypothesis regarding the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder suggests the involvement of immune system dysfunction that is possibly related to …
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric illness characterized by severe and biphasic changes in mood. Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been hypothesized to …
Is bipolar disorder an inflammatory condition? The relevance... : Current Opinion in Psychiatry Is bipolar disorder an inflammatory condition? The relevance of microglial …
Recent evidence suggests that peripheral markers related to oxidative stress, inflammation and neurotrophins may be altered during mood episodes in bipolar disorder. These can be …
OBJECTIVE: Previous reports suggest that cytokines act as potential mediators of the interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine systems, and that a proinflammatory …