Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. However, the metabolic dependency of
cancer, from tumour initiation through disease progression and therapy resistance, requires …

Before it was molecularly cloned in 1994, acute-phase response factor or signal transducer
and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 was the focus of intense research into understanding …

STAT1 and STAT3 are nuclear transcription factors that regulate genes involved in cell
cycle, cell survival and immune response. The cross-talk between these signaling pathways …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), whether produced endogenously as a consequence of
normal cell functions or derived from external sources, pose a constant threat to cells living …

Introduction 3. Reactive oxygen species in tumor growth and cellular survival 4. Reactive
oxygen species in cell motility and metastasis formation 5. Generation of reactive oxygen …

The defense of the host from foreign pathogens is the commonly accepted function of the
vertebrate immune system. A complex system consisting of many differing cells and …

Oxidative stress is increased in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and it contributes to
immune system dysregulation, abnormal activation and processing of cell-death signals …

Nitric oxide, nitric oxide derivatives and reactive oxygen intermediates are toxic molecules of
the immune system which contribute to the control of microbial pathogens and tumors. There …

Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) enhance the aggressiveness of breast cancer via
promoting cancer cell growth, metastasis, and suppression of the patient's immune system …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated at sites of inflammation and injury, and at low
levels, ROS can function as signaling molecules participating as signaling intermediates in …