Genetically engineered (GE) crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus
thuringiensis (Bt)(mainly Cry proteins) have become a major control tactic for a number of …

Crop plants exhibit a wide diversity of defensive traits and strategies to protect themselves
from damage by herbivorous pests and disease. These defensive traits may be naturally …

The potential hazards posed by RNA interference (RNAi)–based pesticides and genetically
modified crops to nontarget organisms include off-target gene silencing, silencing the target …

Behavior is a main component of the survival and performance of arthropods. We have
witnessed widespread adoption of insect-resistant genetically modified (IRGM) crops …

Conservation biological control (CBC) makes valuable contributions to productivity in High
Plains agriculture. Despite some notable exceptions, CBC holds a wide range of potentially …

Transgenic Bt rice expressing the insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis
Berliner (Bt) has been developed since 1989. Their ecological risks towards non‐target …

Transgenic maize expressing the Cry1Ab and Cry2Ab protein simultaneously from Bacillus
thuringiensis (Bt-maize) has been grown for farm-scale study to investigate its potential …

The widespread commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops makes it important to
assess the potential impact of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on non-target organisms. Pardosa …

Background Transgenic Bt rice line T2A-1 expresses a synthesized cry2A gene that shows
high resistance to Lepidoptera pests, including Cnaphalocrocis medinalis …

Since the birth of transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin for pest
control, the public debate regarding ecological and environmental risks as well as benefits …