Genetic resistance to infectious diseases is likely to involve a complex array of immune-
response and other genes with variants that impose subtle but significant consequences on …

Since their initial expansion in human beings roughly seven decades ago in central Africa,
the HIV-1 pandemic strains have diversified extensively through mutation and …

Many people who remain persistently seronegative despite frequent HIV exposure have HIV-
specific immune responses. The study of these may provide information about mechanisms …

Background One of the big roadblocks in development of HIV-1/AIDS vaccines is the
enormous diversity of HIV-1, which could limit the value of any HIV-1 vaccine candidate …

We have analyzed the influence of codon usage modifications on the expression levels and
immunogenicity of DNA vaccines, encoding the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV …

AIDS is caused by two lentiviruses: HIV-1 and HIV-2 [1, 2]. AIDS was first recognized in the
1980s and is presently the leading cause of death in developing countries. Globally, it is …

Non-subtype B viruses cause the vast majority of new human immunodeficiency virus type 1
(HIV-1) infections worldwide and are thus the major focus of international vaccine efforts …

An understanding of the relationship between the breadth and magnitude of T-cell epitope
responses and viral loads is important for the design of effective vaccines. For this study, we …

ABSTRACT A major challenge for the next generation of human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) vaccines is the induction of potent, broad, and durable cellular immune responses …

Several previous reports have clearly demonstrated the strong effectiveness of human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Gag polyprotein-based virus-like particles (VLP) to stimulate …