It has been estimated that more than 1.6 million individuals in the United States have
undergone at least one amputation. The literature abounds with research of the …

The ankle infrequently develops primary osteoarthritis (OA), especially when compared to
the hip and the knee. Ankle OA instead generally develops only after trauma. The …

Soft tissue injuries involving volumetric muscle loss (VML) are defined as the traumatic or
surgical loss of skeletal muscle with resultant functional impairment and represent a …

Background: High-energy extremity trauma is common in combat. Orthotic options for
patients whose lower extremities have been salvaged are limited. A custom energy-storing …

Effective internal and external cooling of airfoils is key to maintaining component life for
efficient gas turbines. Cooling designs have spanned the range from simple internal …

Background: The ability to return to running and sports participation after lower extremity
limb salvage has not been well documented previously. Although the ability to ambulate …

Background Patients with severe lower extremity trauma have significant disability 2 years
after injury that worsens by 7 years. Up to 15% seek late amputation. Recently, an energy …

Current therapeutic approaches for volumetric muscle loss (VML) face challenges due to
limited graft availability and insufficient bioactivities. To overcome these limitations, tissue …

The development and advancement of trauma care has shown stepwise improvements for
centuries owing to the interrelationship of civilian and military medical systems. With respect …

Background: The Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis (IDEO) is a custom energy-storing
carbon fiber ankle-foot orthosis developed for lower-extremity trauma patients. Studies …