Human schistosomiasis is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Macrophages
play a crucial role in the immune regulation of this disease. These cells acquire different …

The skin is the outermost layer of the body and is exposed to many environmental stimuli,
which cause various inflammatory immune responses in the skin. Among them, fungi are …

Aspergillus flavus, a ubiquitous and saprophytic fungus, is the second most common cause
of aspergillosis worldwide. Several mechanisms contribute to the establishment of the fungal …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria contain proteins,
lipids, polysaccharides, and other molecules. The cargo analysis of EVs shows that they …

The wound healing response is one of most primitive and conserved physiological
responses in the animal kingdom, as restoring tissue integrity/homeostasis can be the …

Infection of host cells by Toxoplasma gondii is an active process, which is regulated by
secretion of microneme (MICs) and rhoptry proteins (ROPs and RONs) from specialized …

Macrophage polarization is involved in the process of inflammation. Regulation of
macrophage polarization is considered to be an effective method for the treatment of various …

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a highly blinding infectious corneal disease caused by pathogenic
fungi. Candida albicans (C. albicans) is one of the main pathogens of fungal keratitis …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in
biological processes in various cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) …

Acute pancreatitis is a complex inflammatory disease resulting in extreme pain and can
result in significant morbidity and mortality. It can be caused by several factors ranging from …