In the last years, the aquaculture crops have experienced an explosive and intensive
growth, because of the high demand for protein. This growth has increased fish susceptibility …

Despite frequent field observations of impaired immune response and increased disease
incidence in contaminant-exposed wildlife populations, immunotoxic effects are rarely …

The present study investigated the effects of various stocking densities on the health status
(stress and immune responses) of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). Juvenile rainbow …

Smoltification and seawater adaptation of Atlantic salmon are associated with profound
alterations in the endocrine status, osmoregulation and behaviour. Little is known about …

Viruses are the most serious pathogenic threat to the production of the main aquacultured
salmonid species the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and the Atlantic salmon Salmo …

Atlantic salmon post-smolts were exposed to either chronic hypoxic (Hy) or normal oxygen
(No) conditions in seawater tanks for 58 days, mimicking conditions typical of sea cages for …

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are essential fatty acids
(EFA) vital for Atlantic salmon health, growth performance, and product quality. Yet, DHA …

Gill disorders are responsible for substantial losses in the aquaculture industry. This is
because gills are delicate and anatomically complex tissues, responsible for maintaining …

Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonid aquaculture. Survival from
viral infections are highly dependent on host innate antiviral immune defense, where …

Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) are a disease of farmed Atlantic salmon
(Salmo salar) associated with Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV). The disease appears mainly …