Chlorophylls and carotenoids are natural pigments that are present in our daily diet,
especially with the increasing tendency towards more natural and healthy behaviors among …

Carotenoids are natural pigments that play pivotal roles in many physiological functions. The
characteristics of carotenoids, their effects on health, and the cosmetic benefits of their …

The human macula uniquely concentrates three carotenoids: lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-
zeaxanthin. Lutein and zeaxanthin must be obtained from dietary sources such as green …

Biofortification through plant breeding is a sustainable approach to improve the nutritional
profile of food crops. The majority of the world's population depends on staple food crops; …

The biosynthesis of natural products often requires eukaryotic cytochrome P450s (P450s) in
combination with P450 reductase, in physical proximity, to perform electron-transfer …

The Henle fiber layer (HFL) is comprised of bundles of unmyelinated photoreceptor axons
intermingled with outer Müller cell processes. The photoreceptor axons extend from the cell …

Carotenoids are natural fat-soluble pigments that provide bright coloration to plants and
animals. Dietary intake of carotenoids is inversely associated with the risk of a variety of …

Plants and algae have a love/hate relationship with light. As oxygenic photoautotrophic
organisms, they require light for life; however, too much light can lead to increased …

Chronic diseases are a major health problem in the United States. Accumulated data
suggest that consumption of vegetables can significantly reduce the risk of many chronic …

Carotenoids are orange, yellow, and red lipophilic pigments present in many fruit and
vegetables, as well as other food groups. Some carotenoids contribute to vitamin A …