Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder characterized by an urge
to move that appears during rest or is exacerbated by rest, that occurs in the evening or night …

The dopaminergic system plays important roles in neuromodulation, such as motor control,
motivation, reward, cognitive function, maternal, and reproductive behaviors. Dopamine is a …

Plaguing humans for more than two millennia, manifest on every continent studied, and with
more than one billion patients having an attack in any year, migraine stands as the sixth …

The role of peripheral physiology in the experience of emotion has been debated since the
19th century following the seminal proposal by William James that somatic responses to …

This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by an uncomfortable urge to move the legs
while at rest, relief upon movement or getting up to walk, and worsened symptom severity at …

Migraine is a common and complex brain disorder. Although it is clear that head pain is a
key manifestation of the disorder for most patients, what drives the activation of neuronal …

Among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), fatigue is the most commonly reported
symptom, and one of the most debilitating. Despite its high prevalence and significant …

Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis–Ekbom Disease (WED), is a
sensorimotor disorder for which the exact pathophysiology remains unclear. Brain iron …

Abstract Involuntary movements develop after 1–4% of strokes and they have been reported
in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes affecting the basal ganglia, thalamus …